At the center of this antique brass tray lies a commanding Tughra (طغراء), the imperial calligraphic emblem once used by rulers as a mark of sovereignty and identity. More than a signature, the Tughra is a declaration of power, transforming language into presence, art, and command. Its sweeping verticals rise like banners of faith, while looping strokes unify script and symbol. The circular medallion framing it is alive with arabesque foliage, giving the design both rhythm and rootedness, as though authority itself is flourishing.
Surrounding the core, four large cartouches symmetrically display inscriptions in refined Arabic calligraphy, reinforcing balance and grandeur. At the edge, a continuous band of script encircles the tray, spreading blessings and legitimacy outward like a radiating halo. The rim, ridged with architectural precision, resembles fortress walls, guardians of what lies within.
Calligraphic Inscriptions
The inscriptions exalt Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn with a chain of titles:
"عز لمولانا صلاح الدين الملك العادل المسلم الحاكم قاهر الأعداء الدين الإمام المتوكل المغوار المؤمن العادل العامل العنيد عز نصره"
Transliteration:
ʿIzz li-mawlānā Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Malik al-ʿĀdil al-Muslim al-Ḥākim Qāhir al-Aʿdāʾ al-Dīn al-Imām al-Mutawakkil al-Mighwār al-Muʾmin al-ʿĀdil al-ʿĀmil al-ʿAnīd, ʿizza naṣruhu.
Translation:
“Glory to our lord, Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn, the Just King, the Muslim Ruler, the Conqueror of the enemies of the faith, the Imam who trusts in God, the Valiant, the Faithful, the Just, the Diligent, the Resolute, may his victory be exalted.”
Artistic Details
- Zoomorphic Symbols: Within the Tughra, subtle forms appear, a lion (أسد) symbolizing courage and power, and a fox (ثعلب) symbolizing cunning and witness. These motifs animate the script, turning words into living allegories of rulership.
- Arabesque Foliage (أرابيسك – arabesk): Flowing vines and leafwork weave around the medallion, binding sovereignty with natural abundance.
- Cartouches of Order: The four surrounding panels balance the center, pairing calligraphy with ornamental detail to symbolize both symmetry and divine order.
- Fortified Rim: The ridged edge suggests defensive walls, reinforcing the Sultan’s role as protector of the faith and realm.
Interpretation
This tray unites authority, faith, and artistry. The Tughra at its heart asserts dominion, while the inscriptions elevate Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn as a just ruler, defender of Islam, and conqueror of adversaries. The lion and fox add layers of symbolism, strength tempered with wisdom, while the arabesques root his reign in divine growth. More than a vessel, the tray becomes a proclamation in metal: the legacy of Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn engraved in balance, strength, and justice.
